Filler Metal Selection
Get AWS filler metal recommendations based on base materials and process.
AWS Electrode Strength Designations
| Class | Min Tensile | Common Use |
|---|---|---|
| E60XX | 60 ksi | Mild steel |
| E70XX | 70 ksi | Carbon steel, HSLA |
| E80XX | 80 ksi | Low alloy steel |
| E90XX | 90 ksi | High strength |
| E100XX | 100 ksi | Quenched & tempered |
| E110XX | 110 ksi | Ultra-high strength |
Understanding Filler Metal Selection
Selection Principles
- Match or Undermatch: Filler strength typically matches or slightly undermatches base metal
- Dissimilar Metals: Select filler compatible with both materials, often nickel-based
- Service Conditions: Consider temperature, corrosion, and loading requirements
- Weldability: Some fillers require preheat, PWHT, or special techniques
AWS Classification System
Example: E7018-H4R - E=Electrode, 70=70ksi tensile, 1=all position, 8=low hydrogen coating, H4=max 4ml H2/100g, R=moisture resistant
Critical Considerations
- Hydrogen Control: Use low-hydrogen electrodes (EXX15, EXX16, EXX18) for crack-sensitive materials
- Storage: Low-hydrogen electrodes require dry storage (120-150C holding oven)
- Position: Verify filler is rated for your welding position
- Code Requirements: Ensure filler meets applicable code (AWS D1.1, ASME IX)